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Even though there were continued efforts on the part of authorities in Cochinchina to undermine renouncer status, these rights were firmly recognised in the metropole by the 1900s.” “They had fought vehement battles with the colonial authorities in Cochinchina in the late 19th century to defend the exercise of both their electoral and civil rights in the colony. “In legal principle, Indian renouncers held the same rights and principles as French citizens of metropolitan origin,” Natasha Pairaudeau wrote in the Fall 2010 edition of the Journal of Vietnamese Studies, published by the University of California Press. However, the colonial authorities in Saigon were reluctant to treat one set of colonised people on par with the rulers in another colony. French-speaking Tamils were also keen to live on equal footing with their coloniser, and many sought a better life in Cochinchina. The French saw these new citizens, who were educated in French medium schools, as assets who could help govern new colonies in Indochina. Such people were called renouncers and were required to adopt surnames.

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They would then be subject to the French civil code, effectively making them full French citizens. The Pondicherry Decree of September 1881 gave Indians in the French colony the right to renounce their personal status via a declaration to the local mayor’s office. Tamil immigration to CochinchinaĬultural and trade ties existed for centuries between the great Tamil dynasties and different ruling dynasties in Indochina, but by the time of the French invasions in the 1860s, Vietnam did not have a Tamil community.Ī few decades after the French colonised the southern part of Vietnam (then called Cochinchina), Tamils from Karikal and Pondicherry were welcomed to work and settle in the colony.

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Now, besides a Tamil-origin manager whose proficiency of the ancient language is limited, and a few tourists or the odd software professional, one is unlikely to spot a Tamil in the temple. For the first three quarters of the 20th century, the temple was the centre of the Tamil Hindu community that lived in Saigon. The morning pooja is regularly attended by ethnic Chinese, Khmer and Vietnamese worshippers who have a deep faith in the goddess. At 10 in the morning, a Khmer priest starts the daily pooja to the goddess of rain, who devotees believe also cures diseases and brings prosperity. Standing out in a central lane near the Ben Thanh is the large and colourful 12-metre high raja gopuram of the Mariamman Temple, which was built at the end of the 19th century. The traditional heart of Saigon, District 1, has a popular house of worship that dates back to the time when a small and thriving Tamil community lived in the city. Traces of the country’s colonial French past survive in Saigon Opera House, Saigon Central Post Office and Notre Dame Cathedral. But around Ben Thanh Market in the traditional heart of the city there are still a few cultural relics of a bygone era. Old buildings have rapidly made way for skyscrapers and markers of history effaced. The booming metropolis in southern Vietnam has changed beyond recognition over the last few decades as the communist country eagerly adopts market reforms.

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